"Just because a patient cannot speak or is in a vegetative state does not mean they cannot think and feel. It's important to remember, when caring for non-communicative patients, to treat them with the same respect and care you would other patients. For example, as a student, I knocked when entering the room, introduced myself, and explained why I was in their room. I would explain each step of what I was doing; for instance, if I was checking their vitals, I explained what I would do before I did it and as I moved through the clinical process. I looked for non-verbal cues for signs of pain or discomfort, fear, or anxiety. Often, patients can still communicate with a smile, a nod, etc., so it's important to be on the lookout for nonverbal cues. I also use close-ended questions that require a yes or no if they can shake their head. Lastly, if they can write, I will provide a pen and paper to communicate, and I'm very patient throughout the process."

"Nonverbal patients deserve the same quality care and attentiveness as other patients and may require a little more time to treat. Patience is key when working with patients who cannot communicate their needs in typical ways. I always speak to them in a professional tone, avoiding speaking to them like a child or a lesser person. Treating them with respect is so important. I work to build a relationship, so I understand if there are ways they can communicate (IE, writing, sign language, head nods) and utilize those methods to provide care and treatment to them."