It is very likely that you have only been exposed to a limited number of robotic components during your career or education. These will be the ones you used in a product or robot you developed and wrote computer programs to control. However, since you are likely to be asked about other components you do not have direct experience with, you should take some time to learn about these. You don't need to develop an in-depth understanding of these, only general knowledge of each component, its function, and how you would write a program to control it.

"There is a wide range of sensors employed in the field of robotics. The purpose of a sensor is to receive input from the environment, the robotic program, human intervention, or the robot itself so the program controlling the robot can respond appropriately. Some of the more common sensors used in the field of robotics include light sensors, such as photovoltaic cells or photo-resistor sensors, sound sensors, which are typically microphones, temperature sensors, navigation sensors, such as GPS or magnetic compasses, accelerometers used to detect motion and speed, and proximity sensors, including infrared and ultrasonic sensors, to determine the existence of nearby objects or obstacles."