What different ways do you see companies marketing to their customers online?

"There are many ways companies market their products and services online. I believe some of the more frequently used methods include email marketing and social media. Email marketing provides a great way for companies to send information rich content and offers directly to customers and prospects. However, email recipients can easily unsubscribe or sometimes sending too many emails may anger the recipient. Another method is through social media channels such as Facebook and Instagram. These avenues allow for targeting based on demographics and interests. However, sometimes social media channels may be cost prohibitive for some smaller companies."