Do you have any hesitation referring to another cardiovascular specialist (e.g., cardiac surgeon, chest surgeon, vascular surgeon, or even an interventional radiologist) or other internal medicine subspecialty?

"I certainly plan to practice along the lines of cardiology and any subspecialty I'm qualified for, when I can and when it's appropriate. I make liberal use of consultation for the best health impact on my patients. If another specialist does something better or is more qualified from a regulatory standpoint, I will willingly defer to or partner with him or her in the case at hand."